mount a file system
All files accessible in a Unix system are arranged in one big tree, the file hierarchy, rooted at /. These files can be spread out over several devices. The mount command serves to attach the file system found on some device to the big file tree.

SYNTAX
mount -a [-fFnrsvw] [-t vfstype]

mount [-fnrsvw] [-o options [,…]] device | dir

mount [-fnrsvw] [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir

mount [-hV] OPTIONS

-a Mount all filesystems (of the given types) men­
tioned in fstab.

-F (Used in conjunction with -a.) Fork off a new
incarnation of mount for each device. This will do
the mounts on different devices or different NFS
servers in parallel. This has the advantage that
it is faster; also NFS timeouts go in parallel. A
disadvantage is that the mounts are done in unde­
fined order. Thus, you cannot use this option if
you want to mount both /usr and /usr/spool.

-f Causes everything to be done except for the actual
system call; if it&qt;&qt;s not obvious, this &qt;&qt;fakes&qt;
mounting the file system. This option is useful in
conjunction with the -v flag to determine what the
mount command is trying to do. It can also be used
to add entries for devices that were mounted ear­
lier with the -n option.

-n Mount without writing in /etc/mtab. This is neces­
sary for example when /etc is on a read-only file
system.

-s Tolerate sloppy mount options rather than failing.
This option exists for support of the Linux
autofs-based automounter.

-r Mount the file system read-only. A synonym is -o ro

-w Mount the file system read/write. This is the
default. A synonym is -o rw.

-L label
Mount the partition that has the specified label.

-U uuid
Mount the partition that has the specified uuid.

-o Several -o options can be specified in a comma separated
string … see info for more

async All I/O to the file system should be done
asynchronously.

atime Update inode access time for each access.
This is the default.

noatime
Do not update inode access times on this
file system (e.g, for faster access on the
news spool to speed up news servers).

auto Can be mounted with the -a option.

noauto Can only be mounted explicitly (i.e., the -a
option will not cause the file system to be
mounted).

ro Mount the file system read-only.

rw Mount the file system read-write.

suid Allow set-user-identifier or set-group-iden­
tifier bits to take effect.

sync All I/O to the file system should be done
synchronously.

-t vfstype
The argument following the -t is used to indicate
the file system type.

-h Print a help message.

-V Output version.

-v Verbose mode.

File system specific MOUNT options
see info mount for theseThe standard form of the mount command, is mount -t type device dir This tells the kernel to attach the file system found on device (which is of type type) at the directory dir. The previous contents (if any) and owner and mode of dir become invisible, and as long as this file system remains mounted, the pathname dir refers to the root of the file system on device.

Three forms of invocation do not actually mount anything:

print a help message:
mount -h

print a version string:
mount -V

list all mounted file systems of type &qt;&qt;type&qt;&qt;
mount [-t type]

The proc file system is not associated with a special device, and when mounting it, an arbitrary keyword, such as proc can be used instead of a device specification. (The customary choice none is less fortunate: the error message &qt;none busy&qt;&qt; from umount can be confusing.)

Most devices are indicated by a file name (of a block special device), like /dev/sda1, but there are other possibilities. For example, in the case of an NFS mount, device may look like knuth.cwi.nl:/dir. It is possible to indicate a block special device using its volume label or UUID (see the -L and -U options below).

The file /etc/fstab (see fstab), may contain lines describing what devices are usually mounted where, using which options.

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